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古謠諺

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 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:27:36 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十一

  時人為胡母顥語
  南史宋明帝紀
  禾絹開眼諾。 胡母大張橐。
  Words referring to a powerful yet very corrupted official in the court at the time.
  
  永明中魏地童謠
  南史齊武帝紀
  赤火南流喪南國。
  A children's song predicting the end of a dynasty.
  
  百姓為東昏侯歌
  南史齊廢帝東昏侯紀
  閱武堂。 種楊柳。 至尊屠肉。 潘妃酤酒。
  A song sung by people concerning the last emperor of Qi, who was at his best indulging in silly and unnecessary luxuries and plays.
  
  柳達摩引北方童謠
  南史陳武帝紀
  石頭擣兩襠。 擣青復擣黃。
  A children's song correctly predicting the difficulties of a military action against the current cityof Nan Jing in the south.
  
  梁時童謠
  南史陳武帝紀
  虜萬夫。 入五湖。 城南酒家使虜奴。
  A children's song concerning the failure of a military action by a northern kingdom against a southern kingdom.
  
  陳人為齊雲觀歌
  南史陳後主紀
  齊雲觀。 寇來無際畔。
  A song sung by people of the Chen kingdom concerning military personnel whom they thought they could count on, without fearing invasion from other kingdom.
  
  婦人入東宮唱
  南史陳後主紀
  畢國主。
  A song sung by a woman, whose words point to the emperor as the one who would end the Chen dynasty.
  
  李延壽引梁末童謠
  南史陳本紀贊
  可憐巴馬子。 一日行千里。 不見馬上郎。
  但見黃塵起。 黃塵汙人衣。 皂莢相料理。
  A children's song predicting the transition from one short-lived dynasty to another.
  
  湘東王府中為魚弘徐緄謠
  南史徐君蒨傳。
  北路魚。 南路徐。
  Words concerning two very wasteful men of the time.
  
  時人為檀道濟歌
  南史檀道濟傳
  可憐白浮鳩。 枉殺檀江州。
  A song expressing their sorrow regarding the slaying of a general, Tan Dao Ji, and his seven sons, due to a power struggle in the emperor's court.
  
  時人為王志王彬語
  南史王志傳
  三真六草。 為天下寶。
  Words praising Wang Zhi and Wang Bin as the greatest calligraphers of their time.
  
  時人為王瑩語
  南史王瑩傳
  欲向南。 錢可貪。遂向東。 為黃銅。
  Words about the great cost for Wang Ying, a high ranking court official, to expand his house southwards. He eventually expanded eastward of his house, which cost a lot less.
  
  百姓為袁粲褚彥回語
  南史袁粲傳
  可憐石頭城。 寧為袁粲死。 不作彥回生。
  Words about how one should emulate a loyal subject like Yuan Can, who would rather die than serve another emperor which was what Chu Yuan Hui did.
  
  時人為張周劉三姓語
  南時劉繪傳
  三人共宅夾清漳。 張南周北劉中央。
  Words referring to the three good writers of the time: Zhang Rong, Zhou Yu, and Liu Hui.
  
  北軍中為韋叡語
  南史臨川靜惠王宏傳
  不畏蕭娘語呂姥。 但畏合肥有韋武。
  Words said by the military personnel from the Wei dynasty of the north, who were waiting to do a battle with the approaching army of Liang dynasty from the south. They compared the commander-in-chief and the general of the Liang army to women, since these two ordered a retreat without even fighting.
  
  百姓為蕭正德父子謠
  南史臨川王宏子正德傳
  寧逢五虎入市。不欲見臨賀父子。
  We would rather confront five tigers in the market than meet Prince Lin He and his son. This is describing the ruthless character of this father and son pair.
  
  梁武帝接民間為蕭恪歌
  南史南平王恪傳
  江千萬。 蔡五百。 王新車。 庚大宅。 主人憒憒不如客。
  Words about how Prince Ke was conned by his house guests who ended up richer than their host.
  
  梁武帝時童謠
  南史鄱陽王範傳
  莫匆匆。 且寬公。 誰當作天子。 草覆車邊己。
  A children's song may be predicting who would become the next emperor. This song gave Prince Fan a lot of hope.
  
  昭明為太子時謠
  南史昭明太子統傳
  鹿子開城門。 城門鹿子開。 當開復未開。 使我心徘徊。
  城中諸少年。 逐歡歸去來。
  A rumor about how Prince Zhao Ming would die and how Emperor Wu, in his sorrow wouldtake him a long time to decide which of his sons might succeed the post that Prince Zhao Ming had left empty.
  
  巴東行人為庚子輿歌
  南史庚城傳
  淫預如襆本不通。 瞿塘水退為庚公。
  A song sung by people who lived along one of the three gorges of Yang Tzi River in present day Si Chuan. This song is about how the water of Qu Tang ebbed for a filial son, Yu Zi Yu, to go across the river on his way taking his father's corpse home.
  
  南州士庶為江革蕭曇聰語
  南史江革傳
  故人不道智。 新人佞散騎。 莫如度不度。 新人不如故。
  Words about how replacing Jiang Ge with Wang Tan Cong as the official of Nan Zhou was a bad idea. Jiang Ge was replaced simply because he did not flatter people who were close to theemperor.
  
  時人為鮑正語
  南史鮑客卿傳
  無處不逢鳥噪。 無處不逢鮑佐。
  Words about three very active, young, talented brothers, Bao Jian, Bao Zheng and Bao Zhi. People met them everywhere they went, just as one hears birds chirping everywhere.
  
  尋陽漁父答孫緬歌
  南史隱逸漁父傳
  竹竿籊籊。 河水浟浟。相忘為樂。 貪餌吞鉤。 非夷非惠。
  聊以忘憂。
  A song sung by a fisherman to Sun Mian, who was advising the fishermen to become a government official. The fisherman's song was this: I am fishing not for the fish or the money, but simply to enjoy the view of the river and forget the worries of life.
  
  時人為沈麟士語
  南史隱逸沈麟士傳
  差山中。 有賢士。 開門教授局城市。
  Words about a hermit who lived in the mountains, yet he had disciples who built houses around him, so that eventually it was as if a city surrounded him.
  
  陶弘景歌
  南史隱逸陶弘景傳
  水王木為梁字。
  A song sung by a hermit saying that the name of the next dynasty would be Liang.
  
  都下民語
  南史恩倖茹法珍傳
  欲求貴職﹑依刀敕。 須得富豪﹑事(捉)(御)刀。
  If one wants to get high paying jobs, one ought to depend on those who are in power. If one wants to get rich, one would have to wait on those who are in power as if they were the emperor.
  
  東昏侯時宮中謠言
  南史恩倖茹法珍傳
  趙鬼食鴨削。 諸鬼盡著調。
  A rumor in the court about how those people who in fact ran the court, rather than the emperor, would all be killed and cooked.
  
  侯景時的脰鳥童謠
  南史侯景傳
  的脰鳥。 拂朱雀。 還與吳。
  A children's song predicting that Hou Jing's reign would be short-lived.
  
  荊州天子謠
  南史侯景傳
  脫青袍。 著芒屩。 荊州天子挺應著。
  A song about how Hou Jing was having a hard time holding on to the throne.
  
  江陵童謠
  南史侯景傳
  苦竹町。市南有好井。荊危州軍。殺侯景。
  A children's song predicting the slaying of Hou Jing, whose head was cooked, painted, anddisplayed as an exhibition.
  
  時人為殷禮語
  南史逸文
  奇才強記﹑殷往嗣。
  Yin Wang Si was such a genius that he was constantly reading and memorizing manyscriptures.
  
  魏宣武孝明間謠
  北史魏孝武帝紀
  狐非狐。 貉非貉。 焦梨狗子齧斷索。
  A rumor predicting the coming to power of Yu Wen Tai.
  
  齊文宣將受襌時童謠
  北史齊文宣帝紀
  一束槁。兩頭然。河邊羖【羝】飛上天。
  A children's song predicting the coming to power of Gao Yang, Wen Xuan emperor of Northern Qi.
  
  齊天保間童謠
  北史齊文宣帝紀
  馬子入石室。三千六百日。
  A children's song correctly predicting that the reign of Gao Yang would be exactly ten years.
  
  河東民為元淑謠
  北史常山王遵傳附其孫淑傳
  泰州河東。 杼柚代舂。 元公至止。 田疇始理。
  A song sung by people of He Dong praising their Governor Yuan Shu, who made them learn agriculture in order to have a more sustainable life than that based on trading.
  
  文林館中為陸乂
  北史陸俟傳附晜孫乂傳
  五經無對﹑有陸乂。
  Lu Yi has so much knowledge of the five scriptures that no one could ever challenge him.
  
  鄴下為李氏兄弟語
  北史李渾傳
  學則渾繪緯。 口則繪緯渾。
  Among the three brothers of the Li household, their competence in learnedness are in this order: Hun is the first, Hui is the second, and Wei is the third. Their loquaciousness is in this order: Hui the first, Wei the second, and Hun the third.
  
  時人為李普濟語
  北史李子雄傳附族弟普濟傳
  入麤入細﹑李普濟。
  Li Pu Ji is good in every way.
  
  時人為李義深語
  北史李義深傳
  劍戟森森﹑李義深。
  Li Yi Shen has talent, yet he is too selfish and good at scheming.
  
  時人為陽休之語
  北史陽休之傳
  能賦能詩﹑陽休之。
  Yang Xiu Zhi is good at writing poems.
  
  時人為陰鳳語
  北時賈思伯傳
  陰生讀書不免癡。 不識雙鳳脫人衣。
  Words about how Yin Fong was silly to pawn his clothes in order to pay his tuition to his twoteachers, who eventually were all successful and rich.
  
  李延壽引鄙語論婁定遠
  北史婁昭傳
  利以昏智。
  Profits alone can make a wise person delirious, let alone someone who is not wise.
  
  時人為唐永語
  北史唐永傳
  莫陸梁。 恐爾逢唐將。
  Words about a general whose army was stationed on the northern border. He was there for four years and never lost a single battle.
  
  隋煬帝時并州謠言
  北史隋庶人諒傳
  一張紙。 兩張紙。 客量小兒作天子。
  A rumor about who would become an emperor. Yang Liang interpreted this rumor in his favor but failed in his attempt to take over the throne and died in prison.
  
  冀州人語
  北史熊安生傳
  顯公鐘。 宋公鼓。 宗道暉屐。 李洛姬肚。
  Words by people of Ji Zhou about the four biggest of four local people. One monk has the biggest bell. Mr. Song has the biggest drum, Mr. Zong has the biggest wooden shoes, and Mr. Li has the belly of a pregnant woman.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:28:58 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十二

  中宗引俗諺
  舊唐書禮儀志一
  冬至長於歲。
  On the day of the winter solstice, everyone grows one year older.
  
  楊伴兒謠
  舊唐書音樂志二
  楊婆兒。 共戲來。
  A children's song referring to how the son of a witch became a companion of an empress.
  
  寧王引諺
  舊唐書五行志
  樹稼﹑達官怕。
  High government officials are afraid of ice storms.
  
  調露中嵩山謠
  舊唐書五行志
  嵩山凡幾層。 不畏登不得。 但恐不得登。
  三度徵兵馬。 旁道打騰騰。
  A song referring to Emperor Zhong's three attempts to ascend the Song mountain and consecrate it. He failed each time due to the unrest of neighboring foreign tribes on the northern border, and on the third time, he died.
  
  如意初里歌
  舊唐書五行志
  黃獐黃獐﹑ 草裏藏。 彎弓射爾傷。
  Those roebucks hidden in the bush really can shoot arrows and kill you. Words referring to how an entire army was wiped out by the Qi Dan tribe from the north during the Tang dynasty.
  
  元和小兒謠
  舊唐書五行志
  打麥打麥。三三三。 舞了也。
  A children's song referring to the date when and the manner by which (an ambush) Wu YuanHeng was killed.
  
  鬼門關諺
  舊唐書地理之嶺南道容州下
  鬼門關。 十人九不還。
  Of those who go past the Gate to the Ghost Realm (referring to the custom on the border between China and present day Vietnam), nine out of ten will not come back alive.
  
  滄州百姓為薛大鼎歌
  舊唐書食貨志下
  新河得通舟戢利。 直達滄海魚鹽至。
  昔日徒行今騁駟。 美哉薛公德滂被。
  Words by people of Chang Zhou praising the good work of their official Xue Da Ding, who cleared a river path to the ocean.
  
  竇建德軍中謠
  舊唐書竇建德傳
  豆入牛口。 勢不得久。
  Words referring to the defeat of a warlord Dou Jiang De by Prince Qin, who was an emperor ofthe Tang dynasty.
  
  時人為屈突氏兄弟語
  舊唐書屈突通傳
  寧食三斗艾。 不見屈突蓋。
  寧服三斗蔥。 不見屈突通。
  Words referring to the strict enforcement of law by two brothers, Qu Tu Tong and Qu Tu Gai, who were both government officials.
  
  高宗時王府官語
  舊唐書江元祥傳
  寧向儋崖振白。 不事江滕蔣虢。
  People would rather live in undeveloped places in the tropical south than have to live under the jurisdiction of four greedy and corrupted princes: Prince of Jiang, Prince of Teng, Prince of Jiang, and Prince of Guo.
  
  女武王謠
  舊唐書李君羨傳
  當有女武王者。
  Words predicting the coming to power of the one and only Empress Wu in the Tang dynasty.
  
  廉州邑里為顏游秦歌
  舊唐書顏籀傳
  廉州顏有道。 性行同莊老。 愛人如赤子。 不殺非時草。
  A song sung by people of Lian Zhou praising their governors Yan Liu and You Qin for their kindness to the people.
  
  馬周引俚語
  舊唐書馬周傳
  貧不學儉。 富不學奢。
  The poor should not have to learn how to be frugal and the rich should not have to learn to be extravagant.
  
  景雲中海內語
  舊唐書柳亨傳
  姚宋為相。 邪不如正。 太平用事。 正不如邪。
  Words referring to how people recommended by Yao Qinand Song Jing all became good officials, whereas people recommended by Princess Tai Ping were all bad.
  
  時人為李義府及其子婿語
  舊唐書李義府傳
  今日巨唐年。 還誅四凶族。
  This is a great time for the Tang dynasty, since four fiercely corrupted officials were eliminated.
  
  薛仁貴軍中歌
  舊唐書薛仁貴傳
  將軍三箭定天山。 戰士長歌入漢關。
  A song sung by soldiers of General Xue Ren Gui, who conquered the Jiu Xing tribe of Tu Jui, which could never cause trouble agian.
  
  江淮間為許郝田彭四氏語
  舊唐書郝處俊傳
  貴如許郝。 富若田彭。
  Among people of Jiang Hui, the most powerful were Xu and Hao, and the most wealthy wereTian and Peng.
  
  時人為閻麟之裴光庭語
  舊唐書裴光庭傳
  麟之口。 光庭手。
  People's jobs were decided by what Yan Lin Zhi, who was a subordinate to Pei Guang Ting, said to Pei Guang Ting, who was the Secretary of Human Resources at one time during the Tangdynasty.
  
  益州人吏為杜景儉語
  舊唐書杜景儉傳
  錄事意與天通。 益州司馬折威風。
  Words referring to how the Secretary of Yi Zhou advised the new military chief of Yi Zhou,Fang Si Ye, not to impose his power on people before the official notice had arrived. It turnedout that Fang Si Ye was appointed the military chief of Jing Zhou instead of Yi Zhou.
  
  時人稱徐有功杜景儉來俊臣侯思止語
  舊唐書杜景儉傳
  遇徐杜者必生。遇來侯者必死。
  Among the four prison officials, whoever met Xu and Du would live, and whoever met Lai and Hou would definitely die.
  
  時人為賈敦頤張任愿語
  舊唐書張任愿傳
  洛州有前賈後張。 可敵京兆三王。
  Words referring to the effective law enforcement of Jia and Zhang, the governers of Luo Zhou.
  
  時人為張嘉貞語
  舊唐書張嘉貞傳
  令公四俊。 苗呂員訓。
  There are four outstanding officials working under Zhang Jai Zhen, the Interior Secretary: Miao, Lu, Yuan, Cui.
  
  司府吏人為尹思貞語
  舊唐書尹思貞傳
  不畏侯卿杖。 惟畏尹卿筆。
  One should not have to be afraid of Huo Zhi Yi's sticks but should be afraid of Yi Si Zhen's pen.
  
  時人為盧從愿語
  舊唐書盧從愿傳
  吏部前有馬裴。 後有盧李。
  In the Department of Human Resources, there were four good officials, the ealier two were Ma and Pei, the later two were Lu and Li.
  
  玄宗時人間唱得体歌
  舊唐書韋堅傳
  得体紇那也。 紇囊得体耶。 潭裏船車鬧。
  揚州銅器多。 三郎當殿坐。 看唱得体歌。
  A song concerning how an articifial lake was built in the capital city of Chang An under Wei Jian's supervision. The oddities were his enforcement of license plates for boats, boatmen in uniforms that had a southern (tropical) style, and the goods filling those boats.
  
  崔成甫使婦人唱得寶歌
  舊唐書韋堅傳
  得寶弘農野。 弘農得寶那。 潭裏船車鬧。
  揚州銅器多。 三郎當殿坐。 看唱得寶歌。
  A song that the county mayor of Shan made some women sing. The song concerned an auspicious omen that was found in Hong Nong, and the boats in the lake seen in the previousitem.
  
  京師為李峴謠
  舊唐書李峴傳
  欲得米粟賤。 無過追李峴。
  A song sung by people of the capital city, which had rain for over sixty days, causing the price ofrice to skyrocket. The good mayor, Li Xian, was blamed for the natural disaster and was sent offto southern China. The song says that only Li Xian could bring the price of rice back down.
  
  盧群醉歌
  舊唐書盧群傳
  祥瑞不在鳳凰麒麟。 太平須得邊將忠臣。 衛霍真誠奉主。
  貔虎十萬一身。 江河潛注息浪。 蠻貊款塞無塵。
  但得百寮師長肝膽。不用三軍羅綺金銀。
  A song sung by Lu Qun when he was drunk. The song was about his feeling that his talents and loyalty were unknown by those who had power to make him an official.
  
  時人為竇懷貞語
  舊唐書竇懷貞傳
  竇僕射前為韋氏國遮。 後作公主邑丞。
  Words referring to Duo Hui Zhen, who got his petty jobs by pleasing the empress and princesswhose unwise projects he served.
  
  時人為武懿宗何阿小語
  舊唐書武懿宗傳
  唯此兩何。 殺人最多。
  These two He's had killed the most people. Words referring to how one Tang Emperor Yi, when he was Prince of He Nei, killed many civilians who were returned after being abducted by a foreign tribe, Qi Dan. The other He was a general of that foreign tribe.
  
  郢州百姓為田仁會歌
  舊唐書田仁會傳
  父母育我田使君。 精誠為人上天聞。 田中致雨山出雲。
  倉廩既實禮義申。 但願常在不患貧。
  A song sung by people of Ying Zhou, praising its governor Tian Ren Hui for being able to get rain for them so that their storehouse was filled with grain.
  
  時人為傅孝忠姜師度語
  舊唐書姜師度傳
  傅孝忠兩眼看天。 姜師度一心穿地。
  Fu Xiao Zhong was good at astrology, and Jiang Shi Du was good at knowing where underground water was.
  
  中宗時人語
  舊唐書崔無詖傳
  皇后嫁女。 天子娶婦。
  Words referring to a royal matrimony between a dead princess (the emperor's maternal uncle's daughter) and a dead prince (the emperor's younger brother). The family of the dead princess obtained much dowry for the marriage.
  
  天寶中時人語
  舊唐書趙曄傳
  殷顏柳陸。 蕭李邵趙。
  Words about the true friendship among eight men.
  
  趙州鄉族為李太沖李孝端語
  舊唐書李知木傳
  太沖無兄。 孝端無弟。
  Words about two cousins who were government officials, Li Tai Chong and Li Xiao Duan. Tai Chong's rank was higher than Xiao Duan's.
  
  時人為賀氏兄弟語
  舊唐書賀德仁傳
  學行可師﹑賀德基。 文質彬彬﹑賀德仁。
  Both He De Ji and He De Ren, who are brothers, are learned persons.
  
  四郡人為楊德幹語
  舊唐書楊浻傳
  寧食三斗蒜。 不逢楊德幹。
  One would rather eat lots of garlic than confront the strict official Yang De Gan.
  
  張果引諺
  舊唐書張果傳
  娶婦得公主。 平地生公府。
  If one were to be married to a princess, it would be like cohabiting with a high authorityinstantly.
  
  高昌童謠
  舊唐書高昌國傳
  高昌兵馬如霜雪。漢家兵馬如日月。
  日月照霜雪。 迴手自消滅。
  A children's song from a kingdom in present-day northwest of China. The words go like this: the army of Gao Chang is like frost and snow and the Han army is like the sun and the moon. The frost and snow melts when shoned upon by the sun and the moon.
  
  乾符中謠言
  舊唐書黃巢傳
  金色蝦蟆爭努眼。 翻卻曹州天下反。
  A rumor predicting the Huang Chao's uprising against the central Tang government.
  
  大理囚為袁仁敬歌
  舊唐書逸文
  天不恤冤人兮。 何奪我慈親兮。
  有理無申兮。痛哉安訴陳兮。
  The prisoners of Da Li mourned the death of their warden. They cried out the song: Heaven hasno mercy on people who have been framed. That is why it took Yuan Ren Jing, who was as dear as our parent, away. From now on, we have no way of petitioning our innocence.
  
  時人為楊貴妃語
  舊唐書五行志一
  義髻拋河裏。 黃裙逐水流。
  The empress Yang Tai Zhen threw her wigs and yellow skirts out into the river.
  
  調露初京城民謠
  新唐書五行志二
  側堂堂。 橈堂堂。
  A folk song sung in the capital city of Tang proclaiming that depite the messy internal power struggle in the imperial court, the Tang dynasty would continue on.
  
  永淳中童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  新禾不入箱。 新麥不入場。 迨及八九月。 狗吠空垣牆。
  A children's song predicting that there would be no harvest for a specific year because of too much rain.
  
  永淳後民歌
  新唐書五行志二
  楊柳楊柳漫頭駝。
  A folk song predicting the failure of a warlord named Xu Jing Yei.
  
  神龍後民謠
  新唐書五行志二
  山南鳥鵲窠。 山北金駱駝。 鐮柯不鑿孔。 斧子不施柯。
  Words referring to how the Tang territory was bothered by the invasions of Tu Jui and therefore people could not even farm or harvest regularly.
  
  神龍後童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  可憐安樂寺。 了了樹頭懸。
  A children's song referring to the death of Princess An Le, whose head was cut off and hung on a tree.
  
  景龍中民謠
  新唐書五行志二
  黃牸犢子挽紖斷。 兩足踏地鞋【麻】斷。城南黃牸犢子韋。
  A folk song referring to the failure of an uprising organized by Wei.
  
  又景龍中謠
  新唐書五行志二
  可憐聖善寺。 身著綠毛衣。 牽來河裏飲。 踏殺鯉魚兒。
  A folk song referring to the failure of an uprising organized by the Prince of Jiao, who killedhimself by plunging into the Luo River.
  
  潞州童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  羊頭山北作朝堂。
  A children's song predicting the imperial visit by Emperor Xuan.
  
  安祿山未反時童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  燕燕飛上天。 天上女兒鋪白氈。 氈上有千錢。
  A children's song predicting the major uprising of An Lu Shan.
  
  幽州謠
  新唐書五行志二
  舊來誇戴竿。 今日不堪看。 但看五月裏。 清水河邊見契丹。
  A song predicting the invasion of the Qi Dan tribe.
  
  朱泚未敗前童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  一隻箸。 兩頭朱。 五六月。 化為蛆。
  A children's song predicting the death of a warlord named Zhu Ci.
  
  咸通七年童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  草青青。 被嚴霜。 鵲始復。 看顛狂。
  The grass was green before it was covered by bitter frost. Look at the crazy mess in the country.
  
  咸通十四年成都童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  咸通癸巳。 出無所之。 蛇去馬來。
  道路稍開。 頭無片瓦。 地有殘灰。
  During this year, people could not really get anywhere. Next year, it should be better. However, people will still not have a stable life.
  
  乾符六年童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  八月無霜塞草青。 將軍騎馬出空城。
  漢家天下西巡狩。 猶向江東更索兵。
  In the month of August, there was no frost and therefore the grass outside the northern borderwas green. The general rode on his horse out of the empty city. The Han's emperor travelled tothe west. It was as though he was inviting invasion from warlords in the southeast.
  
  中和初童謠
  新唐書五行志二
  黃巢走。 泰山東。 死在翁家翁。
  A children's song concerning the place and manner (killed by his own subordinate) of death for Huang Chao, who organized an uprising against the central government.
  
  門匠謠
  新唐書食貨志三
  古無門匠墓。
  Guides for crossing a certain river with underwater rocks usually drown after shipwreck;therefore there are generally no graves for these people.
  
  荊南民為段文昌語
  新唐書段文昌傳
  旱不苦。 禱而雨。 雨不愁。 公出游。
  People of Jing Nan praising Duan Wen Chang, a general stationed there. He could somehow control the weather. When they needed rain, he could make it rain. When they wanted it sunny,he could make it sunny.
  
  崔仁師引諺
  新唐書崔仁師傳
  殺人刖足。 亦皆有禮。
  There should be rules guiding the execution of people and the cutting off of their legs. In other words, the punishment should fit the crime.
  
  時人為權懷恩語
  新唐書權懷恩傳
  寧飲三斗塵。 無逢權懷恩。
  One would rather devour a great amount of dust than confront the strict law enforcer, Quan Hui An.
  
  時人為李乂語
  新唐書李乂傳
  李下無蹊徑。
  There is no short cut to getting favors from Li Yi.
  
  哥舒翰引諺
  新唐書哥舒翰傳
  狐向窟嗥不祥。
  It is not auspicious for a fox to howl at its own cave.
  
  長安民為鮮于氏兄弟歌
  新唐書李叔明傳
  前尹赫赫。 具瞻允若。 後尹熙熙。 具瞻允斯。
  A song sung by people of Chang An, the capital city, praising their two mayors who were brothers to each other.
  
  時人為崔鉉語
  新唐書崔鉉傳
  鄭楊段薛。 炙手可熱。 欲得命通。 魯紹瑰蒙。
  Words referring to the four powerful consultants of Cui Xuan, who was trusted by the emperor atthe time.
  
  時人為蘇張三楊語
  新唐書楊虞卿傳
  欲趨舉場﹑ 問蘇張。 蘇張猶可。 三楊殺我。
  If one wants to take the civil service test, one should ask for advice from Su and Zhang. Su and Zhang may give good advice, but the best advice would come from Yang Yu Qing.
  
  真源邑中為華南金語
  新唐書張巡傳
  南金口。 明府手。
  Words about how Hua Nan Jin, who was abusing his power as a key offcial, was executed by Governor Zhang Xun.
  
  學者為蘇李沈宋語
  新唐書宋之問傳
  蘇李居前。 沈宋比肩。
  Words referring to four poets' style of poetry.
  
  李邕妻引諺
  新唐書李邕傳
  士無賢不肖。 入朝見疾。
  There are no such thing as good or bad people, since as long as they serve in the imperial court, jealousy comes around to them.
  
  唐時為八詩人語
  新唐書盧綸傳
  前有沈宋王杜。 後有錢郎劉李。
  Words about eight poets during the Tang dynasty.
  
  武三思干政時天下語
  新唐書武三思傳
  崔冉鄭。 亂時政。
  Words referring to the people who were messing up the imperial court, and who got their power from allying with Wu San Si.
  
  京師里閭詛
  新唐書王旭傳
  若違教。 值三豹。
  A curse that people used when swearing against their own actions. It says that if I were to have gone against the teaching (of something not specified), then I would meet any of the three ruthless officials in the capital city.
  
  時人為魏牙軍語
  新唐書羅紹威傳
  長安天子。 魏府牙軍。
  The people from the Wei Ya army camp were like the emperors in the capital city. This is referring to the unreasonable and illicit behavior of these military personnel.
  
  蜀人為吐蕃南詔語
  新唐書四夷列傳序
  西戊尚可。 南蠻殘我。
  Words referring to the aggressively and viciously strong military force of Tu Fan, which is the present day Tibet.
  
  賈言忠引諺
  新唐書高麗傳
  軍無媒。 中道回。
  If a military mission has no guide who knows the inside information of the opponents, it will likely have to retreat half of the way.
  
  黃巢軍中謠
  新唐書黃巢傳
  逢儒則肉﹑師必覆。
  If intellectuals who know nothing about a warfare are attacked in a military action, then that action will definitely fail.
  
  張濛傳太白山神語
  舊五代史唐書末帝紀上
  三珠併一珠。 驢馬沒人驅。 歲月甲庚午。 中興戊己土。
  Words spoken by a fortune teller are said by a mountain deity. However, the fortune teller said he could not interpret these words. He became an advisor to the emperor anyway.
  
  諸軍為唐末帝謠
  舊五代史唐書末帝紀上
  去欲生菩薩。 扶起一條鐵。
  A song sung by the military complaining about the meager pay they receive forprotecting the emperor.
  
  唐昭宗引俚語
  新五代史寇彥卿傳
  紇干山頭凍死雀。 何不飛去生處樂。
  An idiom referred to by Tang's emperor Zhao, saying that instead of freezing to death in a cold mountain, people should go somewhere where they could live.
  
  郭崇韜故人子弟引俚語
  新五代史郭崇韜傳
  騎虎者勢不得下。
  Once a person rides on a tiger, it is hard for that person to get down from the tiger without being hurt.
  
  王彥章引俚語
  新五代史王彥章傳
  豹死留皮。 人死留名。
  What is left behind by a leopard when it dies is its skin, and what is left behind by a person when he or she dies is his or her reputation.
  
  杜重威引俚語
  新五代史杜重威傳
  逢賊得命。 更望複子乎。
  If one survives a confrontation with bandits, one is lucky enough and should not think about getting anything else.
  
  吳越王還鄉歌
  新五代史吳越世家
  三節還鄉兮掛錦衣。 碧天朗朗兮愛日暉。
  功成道上兮列旌旗。 父老遠來相追隨。
  家山鄉眷兮會時稀。 今朝設宴兮觥散飛。
  牛斗無孛人無欺。 吳越一王駟馬歸。
  A song sung by Qian Liu who was crowned as a king by Tang's emperor Zhao. The song is about how he loves his hometown and his people.
  
  閩人為歸守明歌
  新五代史閩世家。
  誰謂九龍帳。 惟貯一歸郎。
  Who calls for the making of that nine-dragon canopy? He will not get to use it but his wife's lover will.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:29:32 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十三

  建隆中京師歌
  宋史五行志四
  五來子。
  A ong sung during early years of the Song dynasty when five territories were conquered and included in the map of Song.
  
  劉鋹末年廣南童謠
  宋史五行志四
  羊頭二四。 白天雨至。
  A children' song in the south of Guang Dong area predicting Song' conquest of Liu Chang's territory, a welcome thing for the people in that area since Liu Chang was abusing them.
  
  皇祐中謠
  宋史五行志四
  農家種。 糴家收。
  Words predicting the defeat of a warlord by central government troops. The words say that the farmers will get to sell their harvest this time instead of turning it over to the warlord.
  
  淳熙中淮西汪秀才歌
  宋史五行志四
  騎驢渡江。 過江不得。
  Those people who were trying to cross the river on donkeys would not make it. Words sung by a scholar predicting the failure of a local man's uprising.
  
  淳熙十四年歌
  宋史五行志四
  汝亦不來我家。 我亦不來汝家。
  You do not have to visit me and I do not have to visit you. Words predicting the strife between the emperor and his father.
  
  紹定三年歌
  宋史五行志四
  東君去後花無主。
  A song predicting the death of the crown prince.
  
  紙錢謠
  宋史五行志四
  使到十八九。 紙錢飛上天。
  A song describing inflation as bills flying to the sky.
  
  五更頭謠
  宋史五行志四
  寒在五更頭。
  Words predicting the length of the Sung dynasty.
  
  盧宗原引諺
  宋史河渠志六
  拆船灣。
  Shipwreck Bay. A slang term referring to a section of a river that is shipwreck-prone.
  
  元史官引時人語論職官
  宋史職官志序
  寧豋瀛。 不為卿。 寧抱槧。 不為監。
  Words referring to good and bad government posts.
  
  王巖叟引父老諺
  宋史兵志六
  兒曹空手。 不可以入教場。
  You guys cannot go into the army without getting together your own equipment. Words referring to the high expenses incurred by being drafted into the army.
  
  宋琪引諺
  宋史宋琪傳
  磨鐮殺馬。
  Sharpening one's long knife to kill horses [ is what a troop does not have to do when traveling through their own territories].
  
  京師為陳象輿董儼語
  宋史趙昌言傳
  陳三更。 董半夜。
  Words referring to the constant gathering of four government officials.
  
  張問引諺
  宋史畢仲衍傳
  鋤一惡。 長十善。
  Getting rid of a problem in one area improves the situations in ten areas.
  
  時人為蘇紳梁適語
  宋史蘇紳傳
  草頭木腳。 陷入倒卓。
  Words referring to two ruthless prison officials.
  
  閩人宰相謠
  宋史章得象傳
  南臺江合出宰相。
  Words predicting someone from southern China becoming the emperor's chief advisor.
  
  京師為包拯語
  宋史包拯傳
  關節不到。 有閻羅包老。
  There is one official whom one does not have to bribe to see, that is Bao Zheng whose nickname is the King of Hell.
  
  時人為李稷李察語
  宋史李稷傳
  寧逢黑殺。 莫逢稷察。
  Words referring to two greedy and corrupted officials.
  
  蘇州民為王覿歌
  宋史王覿傳
  吏行冰上。 人在鏡心。
  A song sung by people of Su Zhou praising their Governor Wang Di for having good insight about who was doing bad things.
  
  江公望引俚語
  宋史江公望傳
  私事官讎。
  Using power from a public position to settle a personal score.
  
  曹輔引俚語
  宋史曹輔傳
  盜憎主人。
  The burglars hate the property owners.
  
  崔鶠引京師語
  宋史崔鶠傳
  大惇小惇。 秧及子孫。
  Words referring to two bad officials in the imperial court.
  
  敵為岳家軍語
  宋史岳飛傳
  撼山易。 撼岳家軍難。
  Words said by one enemy force about Yue Fei's troops. It is easier to shake a mountain than shake Yue's troops.
  
  鎮江民為蔡洸歌
  宋史蔡洸歌
  我瀦我水。 以灌以溉。 俾我不奪。 蔡公是賴。
  A song sung by people of Zhen Jiang, praising their official for being able to call for it to rain in time for their crops.
  
  趙范引諺
  宋史趙范傳
  護家之狗。 盜賊所惡。
  Thieves and burglars hate dogs that can protect properties.
  
  光化穀城人為葉康直豐稷歌
  宋史葉康直傳
  葉光化。 豐穀城。 清如水。 平如衡。
  Words praising two competent and compassionate local officials.
  
  道州人為蔡元定弟子語
  宋史蔡元定傳
  初不敬。 今納命。
  Words referring to the drastic changes in the disciples of Cai Yuan Ding. In the beginning, they were disrespectful because they felt dubious about Cai's competence. Later, they felt complete admiration for him.
  
  果州民為張義實楊泰之歌
  宋史楊泰之傳
  前張後楊。 惠我無疆。
  Words praising two local official who did only good things for the people.
  
  時人為胡伸汪藻語
  宋史汪藻傳
  江左二寶。 胡伸汪藻。
  There are two outstanding officials who are also poets from the Yangtzi River area, namely, Hu Shen and Wang Zao.
  
  李若水死義時歌
  宋史李若水傳
  矯首問天兮天卒無言。 忠臣效死兮死亦何愆。
  A song sung by a loyal official to the Song emperor when he was being killed by the Manchurians, who were invading northern China: I look up at the sky and ask why but no answer was given by the sky. As a loyal official to my emperor, I shall die without any wrongdoing.
  
  龍南安遠諺
  宋史秦檜傳
  龍南安遠。 一去不轉。
  Words predicting the death of two officials in the imperial court. They were banished from the court and dispatched to southern tropical places because of offending Qin Kui, whom the emperor had completely spoiled.
  
  馬氏將亂時湘中童謠
  宋史湖南周氏世家
  馬去不用鞭。咬牙過今年。
  Words predicting the failed uprising of the Ma clan and the death of awarlord.
  
  太祖淳欽皇后引顏
  遼史皇子表
  偏憐之子不保業。難得之婦不主 家。
  The most favored son can not even maintain the ancestral properties. A woman who is outstanding in every way should not be in charge of the household.
  
  遼土河童謠
  遼史太祖淳欽皇后述律氏傳
  青牛嫗。曾避路。
  Words predicting Empress Cun Qin's attainment of the title Queen of the Earth.
  
  武定軍百姓為楊佶歌
  遼史楊佶傳
  何以蘇我。上天降雨。誰其撫我。楊公為主。
  A song sung by people of Wu Ding praising its general Yang Ji's being able to bring rain in time for them to bring in their harvest.
  
  時人為蕭巖壽語
  遼史蕭巖壽傳
  以狼牧羊。何能久長。
  Words predicting the death of an official who lost the power struggle in the court of the Liao dynasty.
  
  熙宗引諺
  金史熙宗紀
  疑人勿使。使人勿疑。
  Do not employ someone whom you have doubt in. Once one employs someone, he or she should not have doubt in that person.
  
  泰和八年童謠
  金史五行志
  易水流。汴水流。百年易過又休休。
  兩家都好住。前後總成留。
  Words predicting the move of the capital city of Jin dynasty.
  
  貞祐元年衛州童謠
  金史五行志
  團戀冬。劈半年。寒食節。沒人煙。
  Words predicting the invasion of Wei Zhou by the Mongolian army.
  
  興定中童謠
  金史五行志
  青山轉﹐轉山青。耽誤盡。少年人。
  A children's song referring to the unending warfare. Wars lasted so long that men were soldiers all their lives
  
  世祖時童謠
  金史世紀
  欲生則附於跋黑。欲死則附於刻里缽頗刺淑。
  A children's song that wrongly predicted the outcome of the power struggle between two brothers, one was the emperor and the other was a prince of the Jin dynasty. The prince was trying to overthrow the emperor by connecting with someone outside the court. But he died from choking on a piece of meat.
  
  時人為谷神婁室語
  金史紇石烈良弼傳
  前有谷神。後有婁室。
  Words about two great geniuses in the history of Jin.
  
  平暘百姓為張浩楊伯雄語
  金史陽伯平傳
  前有張。後有楊。
  Words by people of Ping Yang about two great local officials.
  
  時人為趙秉文語
  金史趙秉文傳
  古有朱雲。金有秉文。朱雲攀檻。秉文攀人。
  Words referring to one official who should be jailed like everyone else in the same project but was exonerated because of knowing the right people.
  
  哀宗引諺
  金史撤合輦傳
  水深見長人。
  A proverb saying that there are people standing in water, and when the water is deep enough, we can tell who is tall. It means that we do not know what people are like until we have the right situations.
  
  河內正平縣民為王競韓希甫張元諺
  金史王競傳
  西山至海岸。縣官兩人半。
  Words by people of Zheng Ping about the three local officials who governed the place successively and were just about equally competent.
  
  四方為李妃胥持國語
  金史佞幸胥持國傳
  經童作相。監婢為妃。
  Words referring to how people coming from lower classes reached high positions in the court and pleased the emperor by flattering him in the right ways.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:30:05 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十四

  至元十六年彰德路民謠
  元史五行志二
  葦生成旗。民皆流離。葦生成槍。殺伐遭殃。
  Words referring to people (civilians) having to leave home and wander around to escape from war, and to how they are killed in the war.
  
  至正二十八年彰德路童謠
  元史五行志二
  塔兒黑。北人作主南人客。
  塔兒紅。朱衣人作主人公。
  When the color of the Tian Ning tower was black, people from the north ruled; when the color of the tower was red, a man in red shall be the master. This is a children's song predicting the coming to power of Zhu (meaning red) Yuan Zhang's coming to power and the end of the Mongolian dynasty.
  
  至元十六年彰德民謠
  元史五行志二
  李生黃瓜。民皆無家。
  People become homeless when cucumbers grow on a plum tree. Words referring to the difficulty of life when China was in the transition from the Yuan (the Mongolian) dynasty to the Ming dynasty.
  
  至元五年八月京師童謠
  元史五行志二
  白雁望南飛。馬札望北跳。
  The white geese fly towards the south and the horses jump towards the north. A children's song in the capital city referring to the Mongolians' heading north for home soon.
  
  至正五年淮楚間童謠
  元史五行志二
  富漢莫起樓。窮漢莫起屋。但看羊兒頭。便是吳家國。
  A rich man should not build a mansion and a poor man should not build a house. Simply looking at the head of a sheep, then you know you have neither home nor country. A children's song referring to the rough life under the Mongolians' rule.
  
  至正十五年京師童謠
  元史五行志二
  一陣黃風一陣沙。 千里萬里無人家。
  回頭雪消不堪看。 三眼和尚弄瞎馬。
  A gusty yellow and dusty wind blows on thousands of miles where people do not reside. When one turns one's head, the snow melts before sees it. A three-eyed monk is playing with a blind horse.
  
  元統二年彰德民謠
  元史五行志二
  天雨【氂】。 事不齊。
  When the sky is raining white hair, everything is going wrong.
  
  至元三年彰德民謠
  元史五行志二
  天雨線。 民起怨。 中原地。 事必變。
  When the sky is raining threads, people are complaining greatly. Something severe is going to happen to the central plains (of China).
  
  金末庚午歲童謠
  元史郭寶玉傳
  搖搖罟罟至。 河南拜閼氏。
  A children's song predicting the defeat of the Jin army by the invading Mongolian army.
  
  夏貴引諺
  元史洪君祥傳
  殺人一萬。 自損三千。
  When one kills ten thousand people in a war, one has to lose three thousand sodiers at the same time.
  
  雷州民為烏古孫澤歌
  元時烏古孫澤傳
  舄鹵為田兮。 孫父之教。 渠之泱泱兮。
  長我稻。 自今有生兮。 無旱無澇。
  A song sung by people of Lei Zhou praising their official Wu Gu Sun Ze, who was able to plan irrigation for farm lands properly.
  
  時人為歸暘吳柄語
  元史歸暘傳
  歸暘出角。 吳柄無光。
  Words praising Gui Yang for not going along with some people who failed in an attempt to establish their own government during the Yuan dynasty. His contemporary Wu Bing went along and was despised.
  
  紹興鄉里為俞母語
  元史列女聞氏傳
  欲學孝婦。 當問俞母。
  If one wants to be a filial daughter-in-law, one should consult Yu Xin's wife.
  
  蘇州民為張士信等謠
  明史五行志三
  丞相做事業。 專靠黃蔡葉。 一朝西風起。 乾。
  Words predicting the defeat and death of Zhang Shi Cheng, who was one of the major warlords at the end of Yuan dynasty
  
  建文初年道士歌
  明史五行志三
  莫逐燕。 逐燕日高飛。 高飛上帝畿。
  A song sung by a Taoist practitioner predicting the coming to power of Emperor Cheng, who took away the throne from his nephew Emperor Jian Wen by military force.
  
  正統二年京師小兒歌
  明史五行志三
  雨帝雨帝。 城隍土地。 雨若再來。 還我土地。
  A children's song sung in the capital city, predicting that when Ming's Emperor Ying, who was captured by a northern tribe, returned to the capital, his younger brother, who took over the throne, would have to give the throne back to him.
  
  萬曆末年道士歌
  明史五行志三
  委鬼當頭坐。 茄花遍地生。
  A song sung by a Taoist predicting that when the eunuch Wei Zong Xian took control of the court, there would be much bloodshed.
  
  萬曆末年謠
  明史五行志三
  鄴臺復鄴臺。 曹操再出來。
  A rumor predicting an uprising organized by Luo Ru Cai against the Ming government.
  
  官人為馬后歌
  明史太祖孝慈高皇后馬氏傳
  我后聖慈。 化行家邦。 撫我育我。
  懷德難忘。 懷德難忘。 於萬斯年。
  毖彼下泉。 悠悠蒼天。
  A song sung by the servant maids in the Ming court about Empress Ma who was really kind to everyone, including the emperor's concubines in the court.
  
  方孝孺絕命詞
  明史方孝孺傳
  天降亂離兮。 孰知其由。 奸臣得計兮。 謀國用猶。
  忠臣發憤兮。 血淚交流。 以此殉君兮。 抑又何求。
  嗚呼哀哉兮。 庶不我尤。
  Words said by Fang Xiao Ru, who was loyal to Jian Wen Emperor, before he was executed by Emperor Cheng, who took away Jian Wen's throne by military force. In these words, he said he did not regret dying for the cause of being loyal to his emperor.
  
  韓郁引諺
  明史高巍傳
  親者割之不斷。 疏者續之不堅。
  It is impossible to cut off one's relations with one's blood relatives, just as it is impossible to establish any bond with someone who is not a blood relative.
  
  時人為韓雍陳選語
  明史陳選傳
  前有韓雍。 後有陳選。
  Words referring to two greedy and corrupted officials.
  
  江陰民為周斌歌
  明史楊瑄傳附周斌傳
  旱為災。 周公禱之甘露來。 水為患。 周公禱之陰雨散。
  A song sung by people of Jiang Yin concerning their official Zhou Pin, who was able to call for rain when people needed rain, and able to stop rain when a flood was forming.
  
  京師為左鼎練綱語
  明史左鼎傳
  左鼎手。 練綱口。
  Words spread in the capital city concerning two officials. Zuo Ding was good at writing reports to the emperor, and Lian Gang dared to say anything to the emperor.
  
  成化時謠
  明史萬安傳
  紙糊三閣老。 泥塑六尚書。
  Words referring to those high-ranking officials surrounding the emperor. The words describe how incompetent and useless they were.
  
  時人為朱銓龍文語
  明史石亨傳
  朱三千。 龍八百。
  Words referring to how two people actually bought their way into the government posts they were holding.
  
  彭時引諺
  明史彭時傳
  子出多母。
  A son comes out of many mothers. A proverb used by Peng Shi to advise the emperor to spread his love to different concubines in the court instead of just focusing on one who could no longer bear children, since the emperor still had no heir at the time.
  
  時人為李東陽劉健謝遷語
  明史劉健傳
  李公謀。 劉公斷。 謝公尤侃侃。
  Mr. Li was good at thinking, Mr. Liu was good at judging, Mr. Xie was good at speaking. Words referring to three outstanding officials during Ming's Emperor Xiao's reign.
  
  時人為王恕謠
  明史王恕傳
  兩京十二部。 獨有一王恕。
  Words about how Wang Shu, a high-ranking official, was always ready to tell the emperor what he thought was right, to the point at which the emperor was tired of him, too.
  
  川東人為梳賊官軍土兵謠
  明史洪鐘傳
  賊如梳。 軍如篦。 土兵如剃。
  A song sung by people of Eastern Si Chuan about how the government troops were killing and robbing the people, like the bandits they were trying to catch.
  
  潯州人為陳金語
  明史陳金傳
  永通不通。 來葬江中。 誰其作者。 噫。 陳公。
  Words by people of Xun Zhou complaining about how Chen Jin, the governor of Southern China, had come up with a bad policy to deal with the minority group Miao.
  
  江西民為土賊土兵謠
  明史陳金傳
  土賊猶可。 土兵殺我。
  A song sung by people of Jiang Xi about how the government troops were worse to the civilians than were the bandits whom the troops were trying to eliminate.
  
  都下為林俊張黻語
  明史林俊傳
  御史刑曹。 黃門出後府。
  Words referring to how two officials who would not flatter and bribe got into trouble and were thrown in jail.
  
  京師為嚴嵩嚴世蕃謠
  明史楊繼盛傳
  大丞相。 小丞相。
  Words referring to the father and son, Yan Song and Yan Shu Fan. They were dominating the court even without official titles.
  
  都門為萬采方祥諺
  明史董傳策傳
  文武管家。
  Words referring to how two officials in the court were serving Yan Song as though they were his butlers.
  
  呂坤引蜀民語
  明史呂坤傳
  入山一千。 出山五百。
  Words said by the loggers of Si Chuan about how logging was a tough job. You got one thousand man to the mountain and you would only get half of them out of the mountain alive.
  
  都人為陳與郊語
  明史王汝訓傳
  欲京堂。 須彈章。
  Words said about Chen Yu Jiao, who were impeached and yet were promoted after that. The words said that if one wanted to be promoted to high positions, one should be impeached first.
  
  南康士民為林學曾李應昇謠
  明史李應昇傳
  前林後李。 清和無比。
  A song sung by people of Nan Kang referring to two very good judges who were able to save innocent lives.
  
  秦中士民為曹文詔謠
  明史曹文詔傳
  軍中有一曹。 西賊聞之心膽搖。
  A song sung by people of Shan (first tone) Xi and Shan (third tone) Xi about Cao Wen Zhao, who was in charge of eliminating bandits in these two provinces. The words say that if there is one Cao in the army, all the bandits will be scared just by the thought of him.
  
  諸軍為左良玉猛如虎謠
  明史猛如虎傳
  想殺我左鎮。 跑殺我猛鎮。
  Words said by the soldiers about two generals. They missed Zuo Liang Yu, since he never let them work too hard, and they complained about Meng Ru Hu, since he trained them too hard.
  
  濟寧人為方克勤歌
  明史方克勤傳
  孰罷我役。使君之力。孰活我黍。
  使君之雨。使君勿去。我民父母。
  A song sung by people of Ji Ning about their official Fang Ke Qin: It is all because of him that we get out of mandatory labor, it is he who gets us rain for our crops, and he had better not go anywhere as he is like a parent of the people.
  
  松江民為趙豫謠
  明史趙豫傳
  松江太守明日來。
  Teasing words said by people of Song Jiang about their new governor, Zhao Yu. People of Song Jiang liked to sue one another. Zhao Yu would advise them to think things through and come back tomorrow. The words go like this: the Song Jiang Governor will come tomorrow.
  
  時人為何廷仁黃宏綱錢德洪王畿語
  明史錢德洪傳
  江有何黃。 浙有錢王。
  Words referring to the outstanding students of Wang Shou Ren, who could really expound their teacher's thoughts well.
  
  吳人為皇甫氏張氏兄弟語
  明史皇甫涍傳
  前有四皇。 後有三張。
  Words referring to the good writers: four brothers of the Huang Fu household, and three brothers of the Zhang household.
  
  館中為許國李維楨語
  明史李維楨傳
  記不得。 問老許。 做不得。 問小李。
  Words said by people in the National Archive of certain period of Ming dynasty. If you do not remember something ask Xu Guo Qi, if you cannot do something well, ask Li Wei Zhen. These are words praising the two knowledgeable people.
  
  焦芳引諺
  明史閹黨焦芳傳
  無錢揀故紙。
  If one does not have money to buy new paper, one should just use some scrap paper from before. A proverb suggesting how a poor person can save money.
  
  時人為李恆茂李魯生李蕃語
  明史閹黨霍維華傳
  官要起。 問三李。
  If one wants to get government jobs or be promoted, one should ask those three Mr. Li's who are hot at the moment.
  
  時人為田爾耕謠
  明史閹黨田爾耕傳
  大兒田爾耕。
  Words referring to one man, Tian Er Geng, who worked for Wei Zhong Xian, a powerful eunuch during a certain period of Ming. He was almost like the big son of Wei Zhong Xian (who could not possibly have sons).
  
  福王時南都人語
  明史奸臣馬士英傳
  職方賤如狗。都督滿街走。
  Words referring to the time when an evil court official, Ma Shi Ying, was dominant. At that time, one would only have to pay him to get a government job.
  
  華人為貓里務語
  明史合貓里國傳
  若要富。須往貓里務。
  If one wants to get rich, one should go to Ma Li Wu, the small island nation that was a trading center at the time. It is close to the present-day Philippines.
  
  舟人往西洋諺
  明史賓童龍國傳
  上怕七州。下怕崑崙。針迷舵失。人船無存。
  Words referring to the danger of traveling on ships to oceans west of China.
  
  真臘諺
  明史真臘國傳
  富貴真臘。
  Words referring to a rich country, Zhen La.
  
  三佛齊國舊港語
  明史三佛齊國傳
  一年種穀。 三年生金。
  Words referring to the country San Fuo Qi in present day Southeast Asia. This place has very fertile, arable land and very prosperous trading activities.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:30:32 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十五

  西王母為穆王謠
  穆天子傳
  白雲在天。山陵自出。道里悠遠。
  山川間之。將子為死。尚能復來。
  A song sung by Xi Wang Mu ("western king mother," a supposedly mythological figure) forEmperor Mu. The words express the long distance that he had to travel in order to visit her.
  
  穆王答西王母謠
  穆天子傳
  予歸東土。和治諸夏。萬民平均。
  吾顧見汝。比及三年。將復而野。
  A song sung by Emperor Mu in reply to Xi Wang Mu's song in the previous item. The words saythat he would do a good job governing the entire country and making people happy. He wouldcome back in three years to visit her.
  
  穆王西巡時憂吟
  穆天子傳
  彼徂西土。爰居其野。虎豹為群。於鵲與處。嘉命不遷。
  我為帝天子。大命而不可稱。顧世民之恩。流涕卉隕。
  吹笙鼓簧。中心翱翔。世民之子。唯天子望。
  A verse made by Emperor Mu when he traveled west to see the territory he reigned. Heexpressed his concerns for his people and realized that people would wish for him to do a goodjob.
  
  穆王使宮樂謠
  穆天子傳
  黃之地。 其馬歕沙。 皇人威儀。 黃之澤。其馬歕玉。
  皇人受穀。
  A song sung by Emperor Mu's musician. The words are praising Emperor's Mu's majesticradiance and wishing him a long life.
  
  擊壤歌
  帝王世紀
  吾日出而作。 日入而息。 鑿井而飲。 耕田而食。
  帝何力於我哉。
  We go to work when the sun rises and quit work when the sun sets. We dig our own well fordrinking water and we grow our own food. In no way is the emperor's power constricting us.
  
  開皇初太原童謠
  大唐創業起居注
  法律存。道德在。白旗天子出東海。
  A children's song from Tai Yuan where the first emperor of Tang dynasty originated. The wordsgo like this : as long as the law exists, there will be morality. The emperor goes on ships on theEastern Sea.
  
  桃李子歌
  大唐創業起居注
  桃李子。莫浪語。黃鵠繞山飛。宛轉花園裏。
  桃花園。 宛轉屬旌旛。
  A song about a peach garden and plums. Tang emperor's surname is Li, which literally meansplum. This song predicted the coming to power of the Li family. People were amazed that whatthe song was hinting at should come true.
  
  慧化尼歌
  大唐創業起居注
  東海十八子。八井喚三軍。手持雙白雀。頭上戴紫雲。
  丁丑語甲子。深藏入堂裏。何意坐堂裏。中央有天子。
  西北天光照。龍山昭童子。赤光連北斗。童子木上懸白旛。
  胡兵紛紛滿前後。拍手唱堂堂。驅羊向南走。
  胡兵未濟漢不整。治中都護有八井。
  興伍伍。仁義行。武得九九得聲名。童子木底百丈水。
  東家井裏五色星。我語不可信。問取衛先生。
  A song sung by a nun concerning what China would become.
  
  楊濟引諺
  通鑑
  生子癡。了官事。
  If one should have stupid sons, then one does not ever have to worry about them getting intotrouble with the government, as they could not possibly be in any government posts.
  
  魏孝武帝遷長安時諺
  通鑑
  熒惑入南斗。 天子下 殿走。
  The emperor would run off the court when the constellation was in certain arrangement.
  
  唐太宗引諺
  通鑑
  生狼猶恐如羊。
  A wolf is afraid of giving birth to a son who has the character of a lamb. A proverb referred to byTang Emperor Tai concerning his crown prince, Zhi whose character was too weak.
  
  薛克構引諺
  通鑑
  娶婦得公主。無事取官府。
  If one is married to a princess, it is like trying to have more trouble with the government.
  
  上元元年淮西謠言
  通鑑
  手執金刀起東方。
  A rumor predicting the uprising of a warlord holding a gold saber in the east.
  
  時人稱揚益二州語
  通鑑
  揚一。益二。
  In the country, Yang Zhou (equivalent to a state) is the most prosperous and Yi Zhou is next tothat.
  
  胡三省引鄙語論司馬懿
  通鑑
  棋逢敵手難藏行。
  When one meets an opponent with equal competence in a chess game, it is hard to hide anysecret skills.
  
  胡三省引鄙語論後唐後漢二后
  通鑑
  福至心靈。禍來神昧。
  When one is having good fortune, one's mind tends to be clear. When one is struck by a disaster,one's mind tends to be muddled.
  
  理宗紹定時人語
  宋季三朝政要
  陰陽眠變理。天地醉經綸。
  Words said during the Shao Ding era of Song's Emperor Li. It says that the emperor's chiefadvisor is sick in bed and the emperor himself is too drunk to do anything. These words, ofcourse, were said very indirectly.
  
  里巷為馬光祖許堪史嵩之謠
  宋季三朝政要
  光祖做總領。許堪為節制。丞相要起復。援例。
  Words said by people about five court officials who were only good at pleasing the emperorrather than at doing any good work.
  
  池州二士哭趙昴發言
  宋季三朝政要
  生為大宋人。死為大宋鬼。何以洗此污。清溪一泓水。
  Words said by two people who mourned a couple who hanged themselves because of the end ofthe Song dynasty.
  
  京師為伯顏語
  庚申外史
  上把君欺。下把民虐。倚恃著太皇太后。
  Words said in the capital city about Buo Yan who was an official of Song yet surrendered to thenew Yuan dynasty. The words go like this: He lies to the emperor and abuses people under him.He is relying on his close relationship with the emperor's grandmother.
  
  京師人為脫脫丞相語
  庚申外史
  脫脫丞相開乾河。
  Words referring to the failed attempt of the emperor's chief advisor, Tuo Tuo, to dig up a canal in the capital city.
  
  江西民為華林賊土官兵謠
  炎徼紀聞
  華林賊。來亦得。土兵來。死不測。
  黃狐跳梁白狐立。十家九家邏柴棘。
  A song sung by people of Jiang Xi concerning the bandits and the government troops who weredispatched to eliminate the bandits. The words go like this : It is not too bad when the banditscome, but when the government troops come, we could die easily and everyone no longer has apeaceful life.
  
  廣西人為猺蠻謠
  炎徼紀聞
  盎有一斗米。莫泝藤峽水。囊有一陌錢。莫上府江船。
  A song sung by people of Guang Xi about one section of a river gorge in which the bandits got together and stood on the hills overlooking the boats going by, then robbed and killed the travelers.
  
  韓雍引諺論滅猺
  炎徼紀聞
  救火焉。而噓之。
  When one tries to put out a fire, one should not give the fire more wind to burn higher.
  
  粵西宣慰氏族諺
  炎徼紀聞
  思播田楊。兩廣岑黃。
  Words referring to the major population groups with the family names of Tian, Yang, Chen and Huang in southwestern and southern China.
  
  播凱二州人為楊氏兄弟諺
  炎徼紀聞
  骨肉臡醢。參商播凱。
  Of all the bloody strife between brothers, Yang You and Yang Ai had the worst case.
  
  苗人復讎諺
  炎徼紀聞
  苗家仇。九世休。
  The feud among the groups of Miao people can be extended to nine generations.
  
  羅羅國諺
  炎徼紀聞
  水西羅鬼。斷頭掉尾。
  Words referring to some tribal groups in Southern China whose people are violent and takepleasure in bloody conflicts.
  
  兩廣征猺諺
  炎徼紀聞
  比年小征。 三年大征。
  In Guang Dong and Guang Xi, there is constantly warfare between the Chinese with neighboringtribal groups.
  
  京師為溫體仁謠二則
  明季北略
  崇皇帝。 溫閣老。
  崇禎皇帝遭溫了。
  Two songs sung by people in the capital city during Ming Emperor Cong Zhen's reign (the last emperor of Ming), indicating that the emperor has used the wrong person as his chief advisor.
  
  盧州民為許宦妾謠
  明季北略
  一砲打死二大王。
  One cannon shot killed two bandits leaders. Words said by people of Lu Zhou about Xu Huan Qie who lit up the cannon in Lu Zhou when bandits were attacking the place.
  
  四川人為陳士奇謠
  明季北略
  學憲廣文。
  Words said by people of Su Chuan about Chen Shi Qi, who was the superintendent of the school system. Under his management, even poor people got to attend the schools.
  
  京師為劉懋謠
  綏寇紀略
  劉給事裁省驛遞。驅民為盜。
  A song sung by people in the capital city for Liu Mao, who had proposed some policyconcerning the government system which resulted in the creation of more bandits.
  
  熹宗時童謠
  綏寇紀略
  天下兵起。遍地皆煙。
  When the world is going to have unrest because of rebels, we see smoke first. The smoke refersto a kind of fire therapy used for healing. Smoke therapy seems to be in vogue everytime there isa major unrest.
  
  慶陽軍中為張良臣語
  明史紀事本末
  不怕金牌張。 惟怕七條鎗。
  Zhang Liang Chen who had a golden shield is not to be feared; it is his seven god sons who usedspears who should be feared.
  
  李登負罌木歌
  明史紀事本末
  癰之不決而狃於痏。危巢不覆而令梟止。
  A song sung by an oil vendor about how to eliminate different factions of a warlord's followersby using internal strife to make them kill each other.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:31:05 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十六

  師曠為周太子晉歌
  汲冢周書
  國誠寧矣。 遠人來觀。 修義經矣。 好樂無荒。
  A song sung by Shi Kuang, the court musician, to Princess Jin of the Zhou kingdom. The words go like this: The kingdom is in such peaceful state that people come from afar to visit. We are working on some scriptures and yet we have not ignored music.
  
  時人為于公嚴延年語
  前漢紀
  于公高門以待對。 嚴母除地以望喪。
  Words referring to two different officials who had to do with criminal trials: Yu Ding Guo was good at serving justice, while Yan Yan Lian was always too apt at executing people.
  
  朝廷稱張釋之于定國語
  前漢紀
  張釋之為廷尉。天下無冤民。于定國為廷尉。天下自不冤。
  When Zhang Shi Zhi was the chief judge of the supreme court, there were no people who were framed. When Yu Ding Guo held the same job, the whole country never had any injustice.
  
  宛郡鄉里為茨充號
  東觀漢記
  一馬兩車﹑茨子河。
  Words referring to how Ci Chong gave his friend a ride in his own charriot after his friend's horse died.
  
  逢萌哭言
  東觀漢記
  新乎。新乎。
  Words cried out by Feng Meng, who was prophesying that Wang Mang's Xin dynasty wouldcome to an end.
  
  漢明德皇后引俗語
  東觀漢記
  時無赭。澆黃土。
  Since we do not have the mineral that is used for giving yellow color, we could use yellow sand instead. An idiom meaning that the replacement will not work as the original would.
  
  京師為楊政祁聖元號
  東觀漢記
  說經鏗鏗﹑楊子行。論難僠僠﹑祁聖元。
  Words said in the capital city about two scholars of scripture, Yang Zi Xing, who was good at lecturing, and Qi Sheng Yuan, who was good at debating.
  
  人為陳嚚語
  東觀漢記
  關東說詩﹑陳君期。
  In the Guang Dong area, there was Chen Jun Qi, who was good at explicating poems.
  
  更始時長安里閭語
  東觀漢記
  使兒居市決。 作者不能得。
  Words said by people of Chang An about how Emperor Geng Shi was employing bad people.
  
  京師稱宋度語
  謝承後漢書
  宋叔平。 一史奏。 罷九卿。
  Words said by people in the capital city concerning Song Du, who proposed to impeach all the high-ranking officials in the court.
  
  蜀郡童為黃昌謠
  謝承後漢書
  兩日出。 天兵戢。
  A song sung by children in Si Chuan, predicting the arrival of a new governor named HaungChang.
  
  吳人為彭修歌
  謝承後漢書
  時歲倉卒。盜賊從橫。大戟強弩不可當。賴遇賢令子陽。
  A song sung by people in the southeast of China about Governor Peng Xiu, who was able to persuade a gang of pirates to leave his territory alone.
  
  京師為唐約謠
  謝承後漢書
  治身無嫌﹑唐仲謙。
  A song sung in the capital city about the official Tang Zhong Lian could keep government secrets, and never took bribes, and never had anything to do with conflicts of interest.
  
  京師為張磐諺
  謝承後漢書
  聞清白。張子石。
  Words said in the capital city about the official Zhang Qian, who would never take money that did not belong to him.
  
  蒼梧人為陳臨歌
  謝承後漢書
  蒼梧陳君恩廣大。令死罪囚有後代。德參古賢天報施。
  A song sung by people of Cang Wu praising their governor, Chen Lin, who allowed conjugalvisits for a prisoner who had no son yet.
  
  鄉人為秦護歌
  謝承後漢書
  冬無褲。有秦護。
  Qin Hu has no pants to wear in the winter. A song sung by his town's people about how hewas clean on his job, never taking any bribes or gifts.
  
  諸儒為劉愷語
  華嶠後漢書
  難經伉伉﹑劉太常。
  Words said by some scholars about Liu Kai, who was always referring to scriptures.
  
  桓帝時人為黨人謠
  袁崧後漢書
  九卿直言﹑有陳蕃。
  天下好交﹑荀伯修。
  天下冰楞﹑王秀陵。
  天下忠平﹑魏少英。
  天下稽古﹑劉伯祖。
  天下良輔﹑杜周甫。
  天下英才﹑趙仲經。
  Praises sung by people during Eastern Han's Emperor Huan's reign, concerning a group ofintellectuals who were talented and righteous.
  
  京師稱李膺陳蕃語
  袁松後漢書
  李元禮巖巖如玉山。 陳仲舉軒軒如千里驥。
  Words said inthe capital city, praising Li Ying and Chen Zhong Ju, who were the leaders of a group of intellectuals trying to reform the government.
  
  南陽為朱公叔語
  袁松後漢書
  朱公叔肅肅如松柏下風。
  Words said by people of Nan Yang concerning Zhu Gong Shu, who was considered very righteous.
  
  時人為公沙氏兄弟號
  袁松後漢書
  公沙六龍。天下無雙。
  Words said about the six outstanding sons of Gong Sha Mu.
  
  太原介休鄉里諺
  後漢紀
  欲作郭林宗耶。
  Would you like to be Guo Lin Zong, who was always considerate and polite to others?
  
  王昶引諺
  梁祚魏國統
  知足不辱。 如不知足。 則失所欲。
  Once one feels content about what one has, then humiliation does not arise. If one could never feel content, one would never even get what one wished to have.
  
  魏孝文帝菖蒲歌
  後魏典略
  兩菖蒲。 新野藥。
  A song sung by Wei's Emperor Xiao Wen praising the beauty of calamus.
  
  齊武成殂後謠
  三國典略
  千錢置果園。中有芙蓉樹。破券不分明。蓮子隨他去。
  A song predicting the misfortune of the last emperor of Qi dynasty.
  
  京師為丁謂寇準語
  東都事略寇準傳
  欲得天下寧。當拔眼中釘。欲得天下好。莫如召寇老。
  Words said in the capital city about two court officials. If people want peace in the world, then Ging Wei should be gotten rid of, if people want a good world, then they need Kou Zhuan.
  
  益州人為王曙謠
  東都事略王曙傳
  蜀守之良。前張後王。惠我赤子。
  而無流亡。何以報之。俾壽而昌。
  A song sung by people of Si Chuan praising their good governor Wang Shu. The words said that Wang Shu gave them such good lives that the only way to pay him back was to wish him longevity and prosperity.
  
  京師為范仲淹謠
  東都事略范仲淹傳
  朝廷無憂有范君。京師無事有希文。
  A song sung in the capital city praising the court official Fan Zhong Yan. The words said that as long as Fan was in the court, then there were no worries. As long as he was in the capital city, nothing would go wrong there.
  
  軍中為韓琦范仲淹語
  東都事略范仲淹傳
  軍中有一韓。西賊聞之心骨寒。軍中有一范。
  西賊聞之驚破膽。
  Words said in the military about two generals, Fan Zhong Yan and Han Qi. As long as they wereleading the army, the bandits from the west would be frightened.
  
  廣州為邵曄陳世卿歌
  東都事略邵曄傳
  邵父陳母。除我二苦。
  A song sung by people of Guang Zhou, praising the fact that their two officials, Shao Ye andChen Shi Qing, were just as good as their parents at eliminating hardships from their lives.
  
  天祚時國人諺
  契丹國志天祚皇帝紀上
  五箇翁翁四百歲。南面北面頓瞌睡。
  自己精神管不得。有甚心情殺女直。
  A song sung by people of the country Qi Dan (west of China), about how its emperor and his advisors were fairly incompetent in governing the country.
  
  天祚時狂人歌
  契丹國志天祚皇帝紀上
  遼國且亡。
  A song sung by someone with a human head and the body of a beast. The song says that the Qi Dan nation will die out.
  
  明昌四年京師謠言
  大金國志章宗皇帝紀上
  東欲行。西欲飛。中間一路赤垂垂。我醉不醉知不知。
  A folk song sung in the capital about an uprising organized by Prince Zheng in order to take Jin dynasty Emperor Zhang's throne. Prince Zheng and his people were arrested when they were all drunk and asleep.
  
  時人為來虞二氏子語
  弘簡錄
  護兒兒作相。世南男作匠。
  The son of Hu Er (who was a general before he was executed) became the emperor's chiefadvisor, while the son of Yu Shi Nan (who was the emperor's chief advisor) became a craftsman.
  
  緱氏民為王旭謠
  弘簡錄
  永寧三钁。緱氏一縑。
  Words said by people of Guo Shi county about their mayor Wang Xu concerning his self-discipline and honesty.
  
  禿刺引俗言
  續弘簡錄
  一箭中麋。毋曰自能。百兔未得。未可遽止。
  If one shoots a deer with just one arrow, one should not boast about it. When one cannot shoot at one hundred rabbits, then own should start to be afraid of one's incompetence.
  
  時人為吳烈婦謠
  續弘簡錄
  紅羊年。黑鼠月。張婦吳。儼遺烈。九山風酸泖波血。
  二氣舛錯愁雲結。一樹梅花驚飄雪。
  A song sung by the contemporaries of Ms. Zhang, Wu Miao Ling about their regret that she hadto kill herself because of her sense of guilt and her fear that her father's legal trouble mightimplicate her husband and his family.
  
  方國珍未亂時台州童謠
  續弘簡錄
  楊嶼青。出海精。
  A children's song foretelling Fang Guo Zhen and his brothers' uprising against governmentoppression.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:31:34 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十七

  單襄公引諺
  國語
  獸惡其網。 民惡其上。
  Wild beasts hate nets, and people hate their superiors.
  
  伶州鳩引諺
  國語
  眾心成城。 眾口鑠金。
  If everyone's mind is put together, even a town can be built. Everyone's deprecation of a piece ofreal gold can turn it into fake gold.
  
  衛彪傒引諺
  國語
  從善如登。 從惡如崩。
  Doing good deeds will take people to a higher level, and doing bad deeds will only bring bad results.
  
  暇豫歌
  國語
  暇豫之吾吾。不如鳥烏。人皆集於苑。己獨集於枯。
  Words sung by You Shi, who was dispatched by Li Ji, the king of Jin's favorite concubine to advise Li Ke to see clearly who was in power, namely, Li Ji's son who was just crowned as prince.
  
  輿人誦惠公
  國語
  佞之見佞。果喪其田。詐之見詐。果喪其賂。
  得國而狃。終逢其咎。喪田不懲。禍亂其興。
  Words people said about Jin's King Hui. He bribed his way into kingship but did not pay hisbribe, and eventually the Qin kingdom invaded.
  
  國人誦共世子
  國語
  貞之無報也。孰是人斯而有是臭也。貞為不聽。信為不誠。
  國斯無刑。媮居幸生。不更厥貞。大命其傾。威兮懷兮。
  各聚爾有以待所歸兮。猗兮違兮。心之哀兮。歲之二七。
  其靡有微兮。若翟公子。吾是之依兮。鎮撫國家。為王妃兮。
  Words said about the dead crown prince Shen Sheng of Jin kingdom. A prediction about the future of Jin is also made.
  
  叔詹引諺
  國語
  黍稷無成。不能為榮。黍不為黍。不能蕃廡。
  稷不為稷。不能蕃殖。所生不疑。唯德之基。
  If one has a crop of corn and millet that is not going to yield a good harvest, one should just eliminate it.
  
  周宣王時童謠
  國語
  饜弧箕服。實亡周國。
  A children's song indicating the cause of the end of the Zhou kingdom.
  
  諸稽郢引諺
  國語
  狐埋之而狐搰之。是以無成功。
  The foxes bury it and then dig it up. Therefore, the foxes never do anything.
  
  范蠡引諺
  國語
  觥飯不及壺飧。
  A big empty bowl will not eliminate hunger, but a pot of cooked rice mixed with water will.
  
  馮諼彈鋏歌
  國策
  長鋏歸來乎。食無魚。
  長鋏歸來乎。出無車。
  長鋏歸來乎。無以為家。
  A song sung by Fong Xuan, who lived off what Gentleman Meng Chang provided. The song wasabout how he wanted to eat fish, to have a vehicle, and to have his family provided for as well.
  
  齊嬰兒謠
  國策
  大冠若箕。脩劍拄頤。攻狄不能下。壘枯丘。
  A children's song about how the Qi general Tian Dan could not take the city of Di, so he couldnot take over the Zhai kingdom.
  
  田單守即墨歌
  國策
  何往矣。宗廟亡矣。亡日尚矣。歸於何黨矣。
  A song sung by Tian Dan back when he was stranded by the army of Yan kingdom. The words say that if the soldiers do not break out of the impasse, they will have no home, and no country togo back to.
  
  齊人為王建歌
  國策
  松邪柏邪。往建共者客邪。
  A song sung by people of Qi about their Prince Jian. The song predicted that when Prince Jian went to Qin kingdom, he would be confined to a forest of pine and fir.
  
  莊辛引鄙語
  國策
  見兔而顧犬。未為晚也。亡羊而補牢。未為遲也。
  Looking for the hound only when one sees the hare is still not too late. Mending the fence when one loses a sheep is still not too late.
  
  或為黃齊引諺
  國策
  見君之乘下之。 見杖起之。
  One should get off one's vehicle when seeing the king's vehicle coming. One should stand up when seeing that the king is getting his cane and is about to leave.
  
  孟嘗君引鄙語
  國策
  借車者馳之。借衣者被之。
  When one borrows someone else's car, one keeps on riding the car. When one borrows someone else's clothes, one keeps on wearing them.
  
  趙武靈王引諺
  國策
  以書為御者。不盡於馬之情。以古制今者。不達於事之變。
  One who rides on a horse by reading a book about horses does not know horses well. One whouses an ancient rule to govern the present does not necessarily see the changes that take place.
  
  蘇秦引鄙語
  國策
  寧為雞口。無為牛後。
  One would rather be the mouth of a chicken than be the buttock of a cow.
  
  韓公仲引諺
  國策
  貴其所以貴者貴。
  If one is respected, it is only because one shows one's respect for others first.
  
  燕王引諺二則
  國策
  厚者不毀人以自益也。仁者不危人以要名。
  論不脩心。議不累物。仁不輕絕。智不簡功。
  A kind person would never ruin others in order to get benefit for oneself. A kind person would never damage others in order to establish fame for oneself. When one is discussing a matter, one's self-interest should not get in the way. When one is discussing an object, that object should not be damaged in the process. A kind person would not cut off one's relation with another hastily. A wise person would never be eager to ask for acknowledgment of his or her contribution.
  
  荊軻易水歌
  國策
  風蕭蕭兮易水寒。壯士一去兮不復還。
  The wind is blowing and the water of Yi River is cold. The courageous man would leave for his mission and never return.
  
  虞美人和項羽歌
  楚漢春秋
  漢兵已略地。四方楚歌聲。大王意氣盡。賤妾何聊生。
  The Han army has taken over our territory. They are singing our folk songs to make our soldiers lose will power. My King! You have lost your will power as well. How could I love life under these circumstances?
  
  樂師扈子琴歌
  渚宮舊事
  王兮王兮聽讒邪。枉殺左右冤伍奢。奢允懷恨東奔吳。
  創讎搆禍普破國都。鞭屍戮骸丘墓屠。賴申包胥人獲蘇。
  王雖返國憂未徂。
  The musician of the king of Yue sang a warning of the destruction of the kingdom, but KingZhao never heeded this warning.
  
  後漢末京師謠歌
  英雄記逸文
  河臘叢進。
  A song concerning the birth of Emperor Xian sung in the capital city at the end of Han dynasty.
  
  徐溫李昇相江南時童謠
  五代史補
  東海鯉魚飛上天。
  A children's song predicting the coming to power of Li Sheng in the southeast of China.
  
  馬希廣時長沙童謠
  五代史補
  湖南城郭好長街。竟栽柳樹不栽槐。
  百姓奔竄無一事。只是搥芒織草鞋。
  A children's song in Chang Sha predicting the coming unrest because of the strife among the local ruling Ma brothers.
  
  馬希崇時長沙童謠
  五代史補
  鞭打馬。 走不暇。
  A children's song in Chang Sha predicting the end of the rule of the local warlord.
  
  時人為賈似道語
  錢塘遺事
  朝中無宰相。 湖上有平章。
  The emperor's chief advisor is not in the court. He lives on the lake and practices remote control over the national affairs.
  
  時人為咸淳省試試題語
  錢塘遺事
  正院無天子。別院除聖人。廣運與天眷。卻把比咸淳。
  Words said about the essay topics in a provincial civil service test. The topics were all related to the era names of the enemy state Jin
  
  幼主即位時京師為三元語
  錢塘遺事
  龍在澤。飛不得。萬里路。行不得。幼而黃。醫不得。
  Words said about the names of the top three intellectuals in the national civil service test. Their names are interpreted negatively to reflect the unpromising future of the dynasty.
  
  時人為趙昴發夫婦語
  錢塘遺事
  臣為君死。 妻為夫亡。
  The subject should die for the emperor and the wife should die for her husband.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:31:58 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十八

  周怡引諺
  訥溪奏議
  近朱者赤。 近墨者黑。
  When one associates with good people, one becomes a good person. When one associates with bad people, one becomes a bad person.
  
  軍民為張栻謠
  歷代名臣奏議
  百萬生靈由五十學士。
  Words said by people and the military about Zhang Shi. The words said that the lives of millions of people are in his hand.
  
  郭祚引古諺
  歷代名臣奏議
  敵不可縱。
  One should never let one's enemy escape.
  
  開竇初定州軍中謠
  歷代名臣奏議
  三千打六萬。
  Using an army of three thousand men to defeat the enemy with sixty thousand men.
  
  晏子作歌練起大臺
  晏子春秋
  庶民之言曰。凍水洗﹑我若之何。太上靡散﹑我若之何。
  A song sung by Yan Zi to advise King Jing of the Lu Kingdom to stop the construction of a platform in the harsh winter weather in which the laborers were freezing to death.
  
  晏子作歌諫為長庲
  晏子春秋
  穗乎不得穫。秋風至兮殫零落。
  風雨之弗殺也。太上之靡弊也。
  Another song sung by Yan Zi to advise King Jing of the Lu Kingdom to stop the construction of a house when the annual crop yield was not good, and when a rain storm was going on.
  
  晏子引諺論讒佞
  晏子春秋
  社鼠不可熏去。
  Those people who only know how to please the king and then abuse the power the king entrusted in them are like mice that live in the earth deity's shrine, and are so hard to get rid of.
  
  西王母侍女歌
  漢武內傳
  仰上升絳庭。下遊日窟阿。顧盼八落外。遠指九空遐。
  A song sung by the servant maid of the mythological figure Xi Wang Mu (the Mother of Western King). The song indicates the vast expanse that someone can travel and see.
  
  遼東里老誦邴原
  邴原別傳
  邴君行仁。居邑無虎。邴君行廉。路樹成社。
  Bing Yuan does only kind deeds, therefore, there is no tiger bothering his neighborhood. Bing Yuan does not take money he sees on the road, but ties it on a tree. That tree covered with moneythen becomes the landmark of his community.
  
  榮陽民為殷褒歌
  殷氏世傳
  滎陽令。有異政。脩立學校人易性。令我兄弟恥訟爭。
  A song sung by people of Ying Yang praising their mayor Yin Bao who was outstanding in terms of building more schools and educating people, to the extent that people were ashamed tohave legal disputes.
  
  時人為殷亮謠
  殷氏世傳
  石里之勇殷子華。 暴虎見之合爪牙。
  A song sung by people about the brave man Yin Zi Hua who saw two tigers fighting over a sheep and took his sword out and split the sheep in half for the two tigers to have half each.
  
  宣城民為陶汪歌
  陶氏家傳
  人當勤學得主簿。 誰使為之陶明府。
  A song sung by people of Xuan Cheng praising a good scholar who was educating people to become civil servants.
  
  時人為陶覆之語
  陶氏家傳
  定禮決疑。 問陶覆之。
  If one has questions concerning the proceedings of a ritual for the ancestral temple, one should ask Tao Fu Zhi.
  
  時人為沈警語
  潤玉傳
  玄機布席。 顛倒賓客。
  Words said about Shen Jing who was good at reciting poems and was always invited to perform in any social gathering of his time.
  
  時人為賈昌語
  東城老父傳
  生兒不用識文字。鬥雞走馬勝讀書。賈家小兒年十三。
  富貴榮華代不如。能令金距期勝負。白羅繡衫隨軟輿。
  父死長安千里外。差夫持道挽喪車。
  Words said about Jia Chang who got a position in the imperial court to organize cock fights to entertain the emperor. He achieved both wealth and fame for that. The words suggeset that aperson who knows mock fighting is better off than a learned scholar.
  
  唐玄宗居南內時歌
  太真外傳
  庭前琪樹己堪攀。 塞外征人殊未還。
  The beautiful tree in the front of the court yard had grown tall enough for someone to climb on it. Yet the person who went on a military mission beyond the border still has not returned.
  
  時人為楊氏謠
  長恨歌傳
  生女勿悲酸。生男勿喜歡。
  男不封侯女作妃。君看女卻為門楣。
  If one has a baby girl, one should not be sad. If one has a baby boy, one does not have to be happy. Just look at Empress Yang who brought both prestige and wealth to her entire family.
  
  京師為牛僧孺楊虞卿語
  牛羊日歷
  太牢筆﹑少牢口﹑東西南北何處走。
  Words said about two court officials, Niu Seng Ru and Yang Yu Qing, who were framing people with different ideas, and causing them to be sent into exile.
  
  遼宮中為懿德皇后語
  焚椒錄
  孤穩壓帕女古靴。菩薩喚作耨斡麼。
  Words said about Empress Yi De in the court of Liao dynasty. The words explain that the empress looks like Guan Yin Bodhisattva.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:32:24 | 显示全部楼层

●卷十九

  趙岐引南陽舊語
  三輔決錄注
  前隊大夫范仲公。 鹽豉蒜果共一筩。
  Words referring to how Mr. Fan Zhong is not corrupted and has a frugal lifestyle.
  
  關中為游殷諺
  三輔決錄注
  生有知人之明。 死有貴神之靈。
  Words said about You Yin who knew how to tell a good person from a bad person when he was alive, and who also knew how to get his revenge with the person who plotted against him and got him killed after his death by coming back to haunt that person.
  
  民為馬氏兄弟語
  三輔決錄注
  苑中三公。 鉅下二卿。五門嚾嚾。但聞豚聲。
  Words referring to how five brothers who were high ranking court officials retired and became hog farmers.
  
  三輔為張氏何氏語
  三輔決錄注
  張氏鉤。何氏算。何氏肥。張氏瘦。
  Words referring to the fortunes of two households. The Zhang household had a lesser fortune that did not last long. The He household had long-lasting good fortune.
  
  鰶魚諺
  三輔決錄注
  寧去累世宅。不去鰶魚額。
  One would rather lose one's residence passed down through generations than lose the cheeks of Zhi fish.
  
  會稽童為徐弘歌
  會稽典錄
  徐聖通。政無雙。平刑罰。 姦宄空。
  A children's song in Gui Ji praising the mayor of Shan Yin, Xu Hong, who was just in his enforcement of the law and was able to eliminate all crimes.
  
  人為黃尚左雄諺
  楚國先賢傳逸文
  黃尚為司隸。姦慝自弭。左雄為尚書令。天下慎選舉。
  When Huang Shang was a law enforcement officer, all the bad people disappeared. When Zuo Xiong was the writer of court reports, the country was careful with the selection of officials.
  
  吳郡濟陰民為東門奐歌
  魯國先賢志
  東門奐。 取吳半。 吳不足。 濟陰續。
  That Dong Men Huan, the mayor of Wu county, took half of the Wu county away. But that was not enough, since he took more from Ji Yin county when he was transferred there.
  
  京師為陳蕃周璆號
  青州先賢傳
  陳仲舉昂昂如千里驥。 周孟玉瀏瀏如松下風。
  Chen Zhong Ju is as handsome as a strong horse. Zhou Meng Yu is as refreshing as the wind blowing through a pine tree.
  
  襄陽鄉里為諸葛龐統司馬徽語
  襄陽耆舊記
  諸葛孔明為臥龍。 龐士元為鳳雛。 司馬德操為水鏡。
  Zhu Ge Kong Ming is like a dragon that is hidden from sight. Pang Shi Yuan is like a young pheonix; Si Ma De Cao is like a mirror in that he could see who is good and who is bad.
  
  襄陽里人為龐煥語
  襄陽耆舊記
  我家池裏。 龍種來歸。
  Words said by people of Xiang Yang about Pang Huan who was nephew of Zhu Ge Kong Ming, the hidden dragon. Pang had retired at his ancestral hometown Xiang Yang. The words said that "That descendant of the dragon has returned to our pond."
  
  惠帝即位時兒童謠
  襄陽耆舊記
  丙火沒地。 哀哉秋蘭。 歸刑街郵。 終為人歎。
  A children's song predicting the death of an emperor and the improper burial of an empress.
  
  荊州民為胡烈歌
  襄陽耆舊記
  美哉明后。俊哲惟嶷。陶廣乾坤。
  周孔是則。我武播暢。威振遐域。
  A song sung by people of Jing Zhou praising their official Hu Lie.
  
  武陵人為黃氏兄弟諺
  襄陽耆舊記逸文
  天有冬夏。 人有二黃。
  Just as there are both summer and winter, there are the two Huang brothers who are totally different. The older one is a good official and younger one is corrupt.
  
  洛陽人為祝良歌
  長沙耆舊傳
  天久不雨。蒸人失所。天王自出。
  祝令特苦。精符感應。滂沱下雨。
  A song sung by people of Luo Yang commemorating their mayor for being able to call for rain when they needed it badly.
  
  時人為虞授諺
  長沙耆舊記逸文
  不讀經。 視虞生。
  If one does not read Yi Jing ( Yi Scripture), one should see Yu Shou who is never tired of talking about Yi Jing.
  
  會稽民為張霸語
  益都耆舊傳
  城上烏。哺父母。府中諸吏皆孝友。
  Words said by people of Gui Ji about their county mayor Zhang Ba who eliminated crimes by educating the people.
  
  益都鄉里為柳宗語
  益都耆舊傳
  得黃金一笥。不如柳伯騫所識。
  Getting a box of gold is not as good as having Liu Buo Qian recognize one's talent and give one a position.
  
  益都民為王忳謠
  益都耆舊傳逸文
  信哉少林世無偶。 飛被走馬與鬼語。
  A song sung by people of Yi Zhou concerning two good things Wang Sha Lin did. One was his burial of a stranger who died. The other one was his being able to talk to ghosts to solve a criminal case.
  
  人為高慎語
  陳留耆舊傳逸文
  嶷然不語。 名高孝甫。
  Gao Xiao Fu is quite a quiet person.
  
  六縣吏人為爰珍歌
  陳留耆舊傳逸文
  我有田疇。爰父殖置。我有子弟。爰父教誨。
  A song sung by people of Liu county praising their official Xuan Zhen for being able to manage agriculture well and being able to educate the people in order to eliminate crimes.
  
  筠州人為李公衢語
  宜春傳信錄
  輸租不使錢。 賴有李屯田。
  Words said by people of Yun Zhou praising their deputy mayor Li Gong Qu for being able to stop the corruption of tax officials.
 楼主| 发表于 2006-12-20 15:32:53 | 显示全部楼层

●卷二十

  四皓隱歌
  高士傳
  莫莫高山。深谷逶迤。曄曄紫芝。可以療飢。
  唐虞世遠。吾將何歸。駟馬高蓋。其憂甚大。
  富貴之畏人兮。不如貧賤之肆志。
  Living in this deep mountain and eating some purple fungus to stop hunger, we cannot go back to the society because of that tyrant. Having wealth and prestige by being a court official comes at a cost. Being poor and having low social status give people freedom.
  
  時人為張氏諺
  文士傳逸文
  相里張。 多賢良。 積善應。 子孫昌。
  Words people said about the excellent and prosperous descendants of Zhang Liang who helped Liu Bang in establishing the Han dynasty.
  
  時人為竇武語
  群輔錄
  天下忠誠﹑竇游平。
  The most loyal and faithful in the world is Dou You Ping.
  
  時人為陳蕃語
  群輔錄
  天下義府﹑陳仲舉。
  The most unselfish person in the world is Chen Zhong Ju.
  
  時人為劉淑語
  群輔錄
  天下德弘﹑劉仲承。
  The most virtuous person in the world is Liu Zhong Cheng.
  
  時人為郭泰語
  群輔錄
  天下和雍﹑郭林宗。
  The most amiable person in the world is Guo Lin Zong.
  
  時人為夏馥語
  群輔錄
  天下慕恃﹑夏子治。
  The most admired person in the world is Xia Zi Zhi.
  
  時人為尹勳語
  群輔錄
  天下英藩﹑尹伯元。
  The most outstanding person in the world is Yi Buo Yuan.
  
  時人為羊陟語
  群輔錄
  天下清苦﹑羊嗣祖。
  The most frugal person in the world is Yang Si Zu.
  
  時人為劉儒語
  群輔錄
  天下寶金﹑劉叔林。
  The precious gold of the world is Liu Shi Lin.
  
  時人為蔡衍語
  群輔錄
  天下雅志﹑蔡孟喜。
  The most elegant person in the world is Cai Meng Xi.
  
  時人為巴肅語
  群輔錄
  天下臥虎﹑巴恭祖。
  Ba Gong Zu is like a tiger that is hidden.
  
  時人為宗慈語
  群輔錄
  天下通儒﹑宗孝初。
  The most learned scholar in the world is Zong Xiao Chu.
  
  時人為陳翔語
  群輔錄
  海內貴珍﹑陳子鱗。
  Chen Zi Lin is the rare and precious jewel of the world.
  
  時人為張儉語
  群輔錄
  海內忠烈﹑張元節。
  Zhang Yuan Jie is the loyal martyr of the world.
  
  時人為范滂語
  群輔錄
  海內謇諤﹑范孟博。
  The most honest person in the world is Fan Meng Buo.
  
  時人為檀敷語
  群輔錄
  海內通士﹑檀文有。
  The most knowledgeable person in the world is Tan Wen You.
  
  時人為孔昱語
  群輔錄
  海內才珍﹑孔世元。
  Kong Shi Yuan is one of the world's rare talented people.
  
  時人為苑康語
  群輔錄
  海內彬彬﹑苑真。
  Yuan Zhen has the best manner in the world.
  
  時人為岑晊語
  群輔錄
  海內珍好﹑岑公孝。
  Chen Gong Xiao is loved by people in the world.
  
  時人為劉表語
  群輔錄
  海內所稱﹑劉景升。
  Liu Jing Sheng is the most complimented person in the world.
  
  時人為王商語
  群輔錄
  海內賢智﹑王伯義。
  Wang Buo Yi is known in the world to be wise.
  
  時人為蕃嚮語
  群輔錄
  海內修整﹑蕃嘉景。
  Fan Jia Jing is the most particular with regard to his clothing.
  
  時人為秦周語
  群輔錄
  海內貞良﹑秦平王。
  Qin Ping Wang is the most loyal subject in the world.
  
  時人為胡母班語
  群輔錄
  海內珍奇﹑胡母季皮。
  The most unusual person the world is Hu Me Ji Pi.
  
  時人為劉翔語
  群輔錄
  海內光光﹑劉子相。
  The most lustrous person in the world is Liu Zi Xiang.
  
  時人為王考語
  群輔錄
  海內依怙﹑王文祖。
  Wang Wen Zu is who the world relies on.
  
  時人為張邈語
  群輔錄
  海內嚴恪﹑張孟卓。
  The most stringent regarding manners is Zhang Meng Zhuo.
  
  時人為度尚語
  群輔錄
  海內清明﹑度博平。
  The most honest official is Du Buo Ping.
  
  荊楚為文殊金像謠
  蓮社高賢傳
  陶惟劍椎。像以神標。雲翔泥宿。
  邈可遙遙。可以誠至。難以力招。
  A song sung by people of Jing Chu about a gold statue of Bodhisattva Manjushri. A government official was trying to take it away for his own possession but the statue sank into the river. However, when a Buddhist temple was built, the statue emerged to the surface for people to enshrine it in the temple.
  
  時人為寇準語
  宋名臣言行錄
  寇準上殿。 百僚股栗。
  When Kou Zhun got into the imperial court, all court officials were scared of him naming their faults.
  
  京師為臺官語
  宋名臣言行錄
  絕市無臺官。
  All the officials responsible for giving ethical advice to the emperor were chased away.
  
  人為嶺南八州言
  宋名臣言行錄
  春循奉新。與死為鄰。高竇雷化。說著也怕。
  There are eight states that are not inhabitable in southern China. If one is sent in exile there, it is like a death sentence. Officials who might offend whoever is in power in the court should be aware of this danger of getting sent to one of those states.
  
  辛文房引諺論富家積書
  唐才子傳
  金玉有餘。 買鎮宅書。
  Those wealthy people purchase books to put on their book shelves for display rather than for reading.
  
  饒州民為陶安歌
  明良錄略
  千里榛蕪。侯來之初。萬姓耕闢。侯去之日。
  湖水悠悠。侯澤之流。湖水有塞。我思侯德。
  A song sung by people of Rao Zhou praising their Governor Tao An.
  
  顧璘引諺
  國寶新編
  瓊玫蚤折。白石巀嶪。
  A proverb referring to how good things or people do not last long and are always hard to find.
  
  陶嬰歌
  古列女傳
  黃鵠之早寡兮。七年不雙。鵷頸獨宿兮。不與眾同。
  夜半悲鳴兮。想其故雄。天命早寡兮。獨宿何傷。
  寡婦念此兮。泣下數行。嗚呼哉兮。死者不可忘。
  飛鳥尚然兮。況於貞良。雖有賢雄兮。終不重行。
  A song sung by the widow Tao Ying. The song is expressing her determination to maitain her widowhood.
  
  秋胡子引諺
  古列女傳
  力田﹑不如逢豐年。力桑﹑不如見國卿。
  刺繡文﹑不如倚市門。
  Working hard in the field is not as good as having a good crop year. Working hard on raising silk worms is not as good as meeting a government official. Working hard on embroidery is not as good as selling oneself in the market.
  
  趙津女娟歌
  古列女傳
  升彼阿兮。面觀清水。揚波兮杳冥冥。禱求福兮醉不醒。
  誅將加兮妾心驚。罰既釋兮瀆乃清。妾持戢兮操其維。
  蛟龍助兮主將歸。呼來櫂兮行忽疑。
  A song sung about the wife of Jian Zi. It described how Jian Zi met her and how they got married.
  
  時人為湛賁彭伉語
  廣列女傳
  湛郎及第。彭伉落驢。
  Zhan Peng passed the civil service test and became a high ranking official. When Peng Kang, who became a county official before Zhan did, heard about the news, he was so shocked that he fell under the as he was riding on.
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